Unravelling the Mysteries of Paediatric Speech Disorders

Zulaikha Goolam, Speech and Language Therapist • 8 September 2023

Speech disorders are the most commonly treated component of Speech Therapy that we target here at The Bridge. Our children grapple with a range of speech difficulties, from a stutter/stammer, to an apraxia of speech or even common speech sound disorders.

Stuttering:

Stuttering is like a hiccup in the melody of speech—a momentary disruption in the fluency of speech that can impact intelligibility and confidence. Research has shown that stuttering is a complex interplay of genetic, neurological, and environmental factors. Based on the strong link to psychological and environmental factors, Speech Therapy targets those first through mindfulness techniques, pacing and confidence building. Stuttering therapy is often paired with long-term maintenance techniques and strategies for children to use in their every-day lives when they struggle. Therapy does not always resolve the stutter, but rather equips the child with overcoming the symptoms when they arise.

Apraxia:

Childhood apraxia of speech is one of the most commonly misdiagnosed speech sound disorders that affect children. It is easily explained as a disconnect between the brains passage of speech and the motor movements of the oral structure to form the precise movements for the speech. By understanding the neurological underpinnings of apraxia, we can empower our children with tailored and research-backed therapy techniques, learn about dynamic cueing, sound sequencing exercises, and the powerful role of family involvement in helping these young maestros compose their symphony of words.

Speech Sound Disorders:

Intelligible speech is vital for fluent comprehension. However, as our little ones develop their oral motor muscles and the movements required for the complex task of speech, it is common for mispronunciations to occur. Speech sound disorders impact our speech intelligibility and range from severe to not-severe. Speech sound disorders include a lisp, phonological processors such as final consonant deletions and errors in the placement or resonance of specific sounds. Speech sounds develop with age and include milestones. Speech Therapy addresses error sounds as per what is age-appropriate. Speech sound errors are commonly treated in fun and engaging activities to ensure the child’s full participation and effort.

Paediatric speech disorders is not as intimidating as it may seem. Armed with knowledge, empathy, and patience, we can pave the way for our children to conquer communication challenges with confidence and support.

Our goal is not simply to "fix" speech, but to empower our children to express their true selves. Together, let us champion their unique voices, celebrate their victories, and embrace the beautiful symphony of communication that unfolds within our vibrant school community.

Zulaikha Goolam

Speech and Language Therapist

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Neurodiversity Summit: The Bridge Morningside

by Tashka (Tash) Munisamy • 25 August 2025

Neurodiversity is a concept that recognises and respects neurological differences—such as autism, ADHD, dyslexia, and other cognitive variations—as natural forms of human diversity. Rather than viewing these differences as deficits, the neurodiversity paradigm promotes inclusion, understanding, and tailored support to help each learner thrive. In a school context, this means shifting from a “one-size-fits-all” model to a flexible, responsive approach that honours individual learning styles, communication needs, and emotional development. At The Bridge School, we believe in embracing the diversity of every learner’s potential through a neurodiverse educational philosophy. Our approach includes customised learning paths that adapt teaching methods to suit individual strengths and challenges. We foster a safe, nurturing environment where students feel valued and supported, ensuring their academic, emotional, and social growth. Our dedicated team of experienced teachers and therapists works collaboratively to meet each student’s unique needs. With a multidisciplinary team—including specialist teachers, speech and occupational therapists, and educational psychologists—we offer integrated classroom support and holistic development. We are proud to launch our very first Neurodiversity Summit—a pioneering initiative aimed at equipping educators with practical, sustainable strategies for supporting neurodiverse learners. This event served as a platform for experts in the neurodiversity space to share insights, tools, and approaches to managing emotional and behavioural challenges in inclusive classroom settings. Our goal is to create greater awareness of neurodiverse learners and highlight the innovative work happening at The Bridge School. The summit featured four dynamic presentations: DIR Floortime South Africa unpacked the DIR model, sensory processing needs, and practical ways to support transitions using relationship-based interventions. A Parent Perspective will provide a heartfelt account of the importance of communication and collaboration between parents and educators in supporting neurodiverse learners. Tash Munisamy, Lead Occupational Therapist at The Bridge School, shared practical tips on emotional and behavioural management from a regulation-based perspective—including strategies for educators to enhance their own self-regulation. Katlego Mantsho & Tandzile Makobe, Speech Therapists at The Bridge School, provided hands-on behavioural management strategies grounded in communication development. With a vision to build a vibrant, supportive community, this summit delivered in it’s promise to be colourful, engaging, and deeply practical—knowledge was shared, collaboration was fostered, and inclusion was celebrated. Key Features of The Bridge School: - Personalised Learning Plans - Continuous Evaluation - Inclusive Culture